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Aurorae on Jupiter with outflows from its moons, animation. Aurorae are emission of light caused by charged particles impacting a planet's atmosphere at its magnetic poles. Aurorae such as these were observed by NASA's New Horizons spacecraft, which launched from Earth in 2006 on a 9-year voyage to Pluto. Just over a year after launch, in early 2007, the spacecraft flew past Jupiter, using its gravity as an assist to increase its speed and change trajectory towards Pluto. The closest approach took place on 28 February 2007. New Horizons arrived at Pluto in 2015, and later visited Arrokoth (Ultima Thule) in 2019