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The Temptations of Saint Anthony. Anthony the Great (* allegedly 251; † 356) was a Christian Egyptian monk, ascetic, anchorite and hermit. He is often referred to as the "Father of the Monks" and is probably the first and best known Desert Father. Accounts of Anthony enduring preternatural temptation during his sojourn in the Eastern Desert of Egypt inspired the often-repeated subject of the temptation of St. Anthony in Western art and literature. Wood engraving based on a drawing by William James Linton (English-American engraver, painter and author, 1812 - 1897), published in 1883.