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Informal settlements spread across the valley floor on the outskirts of Yumbo, a largely industrial municipality in Valle del Cauca Department bordering Cali to the north, Colombia. Yumbo's peripheral hillsides and valley edges have seen sustained informal urban growth driven by rural-to-urban migration and displacement, characteristic of many mid-sized Latin American cities where industrial development coexists with inadequate housing and limited public services. Colombia remains one of the world's countries most affected by internal displacement, with millions relocated from rural conflict zones toward urban peripheries over decades of armed conflict.